Threshold of the volcanic forcing that leads the El Nino-like warming in the last millennium: results from the ERIK simulation
SCIE
SCOPUS
- Title
- Threshold of the volcanic forcing that leads the El Nino-like warming in the last millennium: results from the ERIK simulation
- Authors
- Lim, H.-G; Yeh, S.-W; Kug, Jong-Seong; Park, Y.-G; Park, J.-H; Park, R; Song, C.-K.
- Date Issued
- 2016-06
- Publisher
- CLIMATE DYNAMICS
- Abstract
- In order to examine the threshold of the volcanic forcing that leads to the El Nino-like warming, we analyze a millennium ERIK simulation (AD 1000-1850) forced by three external forcings including greenhouse gases, solar forcing and volcanic eruptions using the ECHO-G coupled climate model. It is found that there exists a threshold of the volcanic forcing above 15 W/m(2) to lead the El Nino-like warming in the climate model. When the volcanic forcing is above this threshold forcing, then the intensity of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is weakened and its position is shifted to the south. This might be associated with the processes of less evaporation in the subtropical cloudless region by a cooling due to the reduction of net surface shortwave radiation. Concurrently, a weakening of ITCZ is associated with a weakening of the trade winds and the subsequent Bjerknes feedback causes El Nino-like warming. Therefore, El Nino-like warming events can occur when volcanic eruption is above threshold forcing, implying that there exists a certain level of radiative forcing change which is capable of changing the state of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature. The last millennium simulation of Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase 3 climate models also indicates that there may exist a threshold forcing to lead the El Nino-like warming, which has been also discussed in the present study.
- URI
- https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/37183
- DOI
- 10.1007/S00382-015-2799-3
- ISSN
- 0930-7575
- Article Type
- Article
- Citation
- CLIMATE DYNAMICS, vol. 46, no. 11-12, page. 3725 - 3736, 2016-06
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